Health Management & Information Science

Health Management & Information Science

Shift Work and Related Health Problems among Medical and Diagnostic Staff of the General Teaching Hospitals Affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, 2012

Document Type : Articles

Authors
Zahra Sajjadnia
Elham Siavashi
Zahra Kavosi
Sanaz Moznebi
Ramin Ravangard
Abstract
Introduction:Today, shift work is considered as a necessity in many jobs and for some 24-hour services the use of shift-work is growing. However, shift work can lead to physiological and psycho-social problems for shift workers. This study aimed to determine the effects of shift work on the associated health problems, together with the demographic and job characteristics underlying the problems, among the medical and diagnostic staff of the general teaching hospitals affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in 2012.Method:This study was an applied, cross-sectional and descriptive-analytical one. The study employed a sample of 205 employees from the medical and diagnostic staff using stratified sampling proportional to the size and simple random sampling methods. Data were collected using the Survey of Shift workers (SOS) questionnaire, validity and reliability of which have already been confirmed. Finally, the collected data were analyzed using SPSS 16.0 software through ANOVA, Chi-square, Independent-Samples T-Test, as well as Pearson Correlation Coefficient. A P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: The results showed that among the demographic and job characteristics studied, the individual, family and social problems had significant associations with work schedules, shift work and job satisfaction. In addition, there were significant associations between musculoskeletal disorders and the satisfaction of shift work; cardiovascular disorders and marital status and occupation; digestive disorders and the work schedules; sleep disorders and the satisfaction of shift work; musculoskeletal disorders, cardiovascular disorders and sleep disorders and age, job experience and shift work experience. And finally, there were significant associations among sleep disorders and age, job experience and the shift work experience.Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, demographic characteristics such as age, marital status, as well as job characteristics can increase the individual, family and social problems, and cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, digestive and sleep disorders. Therefore, in order to reduce these problems and disorders, the following suggestions are made: allowing voluntary shifts for the staff, shortening the hours of night work, limiting the employment of older people in the shift work systems, etc.Keywords: Shift work, Health problems, Clinical and diagnostic staff
  1. Taheri F. Study of the effects of work shifts on the events occurred for laboratories’ employees in teaching hospitals affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences [Dissertation] Iran. Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. 2002.
  2. Barbadoro P, Santarelli L, Croce N, Bracci M, Vincitorio D, Prospero E, et al. Rotating shift-work as an independent risk factor for overweight Italian workers: a cross-sectional study. 2013.
  3. Fossum IN, Bjorvatn B, Waage S, PALLESEN S. Effects of shift and night work in the offshore petroleum industry: a systematic review. Industrial health. 2013;51(5):530.
  4. Guo Y, Liu Y, Huang X, Rong Y, He M, Wang Y, et al. The effects of shift work on sleeping quality, hypertension and diabetes in retired workers. PLoS One. 2013;8(8):e71107.
  5. Kakouei H, Zamanian AZ, Karimian S. Twenty four hours circadian cortisol profile in shift work nurses. 2009.
  6. Amani R, Gill T. Shiftworking, nutrition and obesity: implications for workforce health-a systematic review. AsiaPacific journal of clinical nutrition. 2013;22(4):698.
  7. Esquirol Y, Perret B, Ruidavets JB, Marquie JC, Dienne E, Niezborala M, et al. Shift work and cardiovascular risk factors: new knowledge from the past decade. Archives of cardiovascular diseases. 2011;104(12):636-68.
  8. Khajehnasiri F, Mortazavi SB, Allameh A, Akhondzadeh S, Hashemi H. Total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde in depressive rotational shift workers. Journal of environmental and public health. 2013;2013.
  9. Oyama I, Kubo T, Fujino Y, Kadowaki K, Kunimoto M, Shirane K, et al. Retrospective cohort study of the risk of impaired glucose tolerance among shift workers. Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health. 2012:337-42.
  10. Andrzejczak D, Kapała-Kempa M, Zawilska J. [Health consequences of shift work]. Przegl Lek. 2011;7(68):383-7.
  11. Eldevik MF, Flo E, Moen BE, Pallesen S, Bjorvatn B. Insomnia, excessive sleepiness, excessive fatigue, anxiety, depression and shift work disorder in nurses having less than 11 hours in-between shifts. PLoS One. 2013;8(8):e70882.
  12. Mokarami H, Kakooei H, Dehdashti A, Jahani Y, Ebrahimi H. [Comparison of general health status and sleeping quality of shift workers in a car industry workshop 2008]. Journal of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (Behbood Journal). 2010;14(3):237-43.
  13. Monk T, Folkard S. Makin Shiftwork Tolerable. Edition F ed.: London Taylor & Francis Ltd; 1992.
  14. Bagheri M, Valizadeh Zare N. The Effects of Shift Working on Nurses’ health. Journal of Gorgan Bouyeh Faculty of Nursing & Midwifery. 2006;3(1):43-8.
  15. Vyas MV, Garg AX, Iansavichus AV, Costella J, Donner A, Laugsand LE, et al. Shift work and vascular events: systematic review and meta-analysis. Bmj. 2012;345:e4800.
  16. Ljoså CH, Lau B. Shiftwork in the Norwegian petroleum industry: overcoming difficulties with family and social life–a cross sectional study. J Occup Med Toxicol. 2009;4(1):22.
  17. Proctor SP, White RF, Robins TG, Echeverria D, Rocskay AZ. Effect of overtime work on cognitive function in automotive workers. Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health. 1996:124-32.
  18. Fischer F. What do petrochemical workers, healthcare workers, and truck drivers have in common? Evaluation of sleep and alertness in Brazilian shift workers. Cad Saude Publica. 2004;20(6):1732-8.
  19. Heydari M, Hosseinpour S. The effects of shift work on marital satisfaction of female nurses. 2007.
  20. Roth T. Shift work disorder: overview and diagnosis. The Journal of clinical psychiatry. 2012;73(3):e09-e.
  21. Choobineh A, Shahcheragh B, Keshavarzi S, Rahnama K. Shift work-related problems among operation room technicians of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences hospitals, 2006-2007. Iran Occupational Health. 2007;4(1):48-52.
  22. Choobineh A, Soltanzadeh A, Tabatabaie S, Jahangiri M. Shift Work-related Health Problems among Petrochemical Industries Employees. 2011.
  23. Motamedzade M, Ghazaiee S. COmbined effect of noise and shift work on workers’ physiological parameters in a chemical industry. 2003.
  24. Smith L, Folkard S, Tucker P, Macdonald I. Work shift duration: a review comparing eight hour and 12 hour shift systems. Occupational and environmental medicine. 1998;55(4):217-29.
  25. Anjum B, Verma NS, Tiwari S, Singh R, Mahdi AA, Singh RB, et al. Association of salivary cortisol with chronomics of 24 hours ambulatory blood pressure/heart rate among night shift workers. Bioscience trends. 2011;5(4):182-8.
  26. Azmoon H, Dehghan H, Akbari J, Souri S. The relationship between thermal comfort and light intensity with sleep quality and eye tiredness in shift work nurses. Journal of environmental and public health. 2013;2013.
  27. Jermendy G, Nadas J, Hegyi I, Vasas I, Hidvegi T. Assessment of cardiometabolic risk among shift workers in Hungary. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2012;10(1):18.
  28. Strzemecka J, Pencula M, Owoc A, Szot W, Strzemecka E, Jablonski M, et al. The factor harmful to the quality of human life-shift-work. Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine. 2013;20(2).
  29. Zencirci AD, Arslan S. Morning-evening type and burnout level as factors influencing sleep quality of shift nurses: a questionnaire study. Croatian medical journal. 2011;52(4):527-37.
  30. Flo E, Pallesen S, Magerøy N, Moen BE, Grønli J, Nordhus IH, et al. Shift work disorder in nurses–assessment, prevalence and related health problems. 2012.
  31. Bhatti P, Mirick DK, Davis S. Racial differences in the association between night shift work and melatonin levels among women. American journal of epidemiology. 2013:kws278.
  32. Bonde JPE, Jørgensen KT, Bonzini M, Palmer KT. Risk of miscarriage and occupational activity: a systematic review and meta-analysis regarding shift work, working hours, lifting, standing and physical workload. Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health. 2013;39(4):325.
  33. De Martino MMF, Abreu ACB, Barbosa MFdS, Teixeira JEM. The relationship between shift work and sleep patterns in nurses. Ciência & saúde coletiva. 2013;18(3):763-8.
  34. Gromadzińska J, Peplonska B, Sobala W, Reszka E, Wasowicz W, Bukowska A, et al. Relationship between intensity of night shift work and antioxidant status in blood of nurses. International archives of occupational and environmental health. 2013;86(8):923-30.
  35. Marinaccio A, Ferrante P, Corfiati M, Di Tecco C, Rondinone BM, Bonafede M, et al. The relevance of socio-demographic and occupational variables for the assessment of work-related stress risk. BMC public health. 2013;13(1):1157.
  36. Milia L, Waage S, Pallesen S, Bjorvatn B. Shift Work Disorder in a Random Population Sample- Prevalence and Comorbidities. PLoS ONE. 2013;8(1):e55306.
  37. Monsees GM, Kraft P, Hankinson SE, Hunter DJ, Schernhammer ES. Circadian genes and breast cancer susceptibility in rotating shift workers. International Journal of Cancer. 2012;131(11):2547-52.
  38. Puttonen S, Viitasalo K, Härmä M. The relationship between current and former shift work and the metabolic syndrome. Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health. 2012:343-8.
  39. Wehrens SM, Hampton SM, Skene DJ. Heart rate variability and endothelial function after sleep deprivation and recovery sleep among male shift and non-shift workers. Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health. 2012:171-81.
  40. Aghakhani N, Soheili A, Ataei L, Pouriran M. Correlation between night shift and lowback pain in nurses who work in educational hospitals in Tabriz, Iran. Journal of Urmia Nursing And Midwifery Faculty. 2014;12(7):521-15.
  41. Choobineh A, Soltanzadeh A, Tabatabaee H, Jahangiri M, Khavaji S. Health effects associated with shift work in 12-hour shift schedule among Iranian petrochemical employees. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics. 2012;18(3):419-27.
  42. Ghaneh S, Barkhordari A. Job stress in shift workers and non-shift workers of one of Yazd diary industries. 2014.
  43. Mardi H, Zakerian SA, Jalali M, Abbaszadeh M, Korozhdeh J, Panjali Z. Shift work and its complications: A case study in the security personnel of a refinery complex. Journal of Ergonomics. 2014;2(1):46-53.
  44. Morikawa Y, Sakurai M, Nakamura K, Nagasawa S-Y, Ishizaki M, Kido T, et al. Correlation between shift-work-related sleep problems and heavy drinking in Japanese male factory workers. Alcohol and alcoholism. 2013;48(2):202-6.
  45. Raeisi S, Hosseini M, Attarchi MS, Golabadi M, Rezaei MS, Namvar M. The association between job type and ward of service of nursing personnel and prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders. Razi Journal of Medical Sciences. 2013;20(108):1-10.
  46. Ansari H, Noroozi M, Rezaei F, Barkhordar N. Assessment of Sleep Pattern among Hospitals’ Nurses of Zahedan University of Medical Sciences in 2011. Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences. 2015;13(11):1021-32.
  47. Ghaljaei F, Naderifar M, Ghaljeh M. Comparison of general health status and sleep quality between nurses with fixed working shifts and nurses with rotating working shifts. Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences. 2011;13(1):47-50.
  48. Burch JB, Tom J, Zhai Y, Criswell L, Leo E, Ogoussan K. Shiftwork impacts and adaptation among health care workers. Occupational Medicine. 2009:kqp015.
  49. Harrington JM. Health effects of shift work and extended hours of work. Occupational and environmental medicine. 2001;58(1):68-72.
  50. Safari S, Akbari J, Kazemi M, Mououdi MA, Mahaki B. Personnel’s health surveillance at work: Effect of age, body mass index, and shift work on mental workload and work
  51. ability index. Journal of environmental and public health. 2013;2013.
  52. Hajinabi K, Nasiripoor A, Zahedkar P, Mehrabian F. Relationship between nurses’ working shifts with human resources productivity. Holist Nurs Midwifery. 2013;23(1):7-12.
  53. Kilpatrick K, Lavoie-Tremblay M. Shiftwork: what health care managers need to know. The health care manager. 2006;25(2):160-6.
  54. Arghami S, Ghanbari H, Zahirian G. Health status of city staff shiftwork in a hospital Razan. Journal of Ergonomics. 2014;2(1):64-9.
  55. Saremi M, Tassi P. Comparison of fatigue level, sleep quality and quantity in old and young shift workers. Pejouhesh. 2008;32(2):135-9.
  56. Choobineh A, Soltanzadeh A, Tabatabaie SH, Jahangiri M. Shift work and its related health problems in petrochemical industries. Journal of School of Public Health and Institute of Public Health Research. 2012;9(4):43-56.
  57. Ozgoli G, Bathaiee A, Mirmohamad Ali H, Alavi Majd M. Musculoskeletal Symptoms Assessment among Midwives, Hamedan , 2002. Iran Occupational Health. 2006;3(1-2):37-42.
  58. Molavi P, Mansoureh K, Mohammadnia H, Dailami P, Arab R, Derakhshani F. Correlation between shift work and psychological problems among hospitals personnel of Ardabil University of Medical science. Annals of General Psychiatry. 2008;7(Suppl 1):S318.
  59. Knutsson A, Bøggild H. Gastrointestinal disorders among shift workers. Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health. 2010:85-95.
  60. Ohida T, Kamal A, Sone T, ISHII T, UCHIYAMA M, MINOWA M, et al. Night-shift work related problems in young female nurses in Japan. Journal of occupational health. 2001;43(3):150-6.
  61. Zamanian Z, Mohammadi H, Rezaeeyani M, Dehghany M. An investigation of shift work disorders in security personnel of 3 hospitals of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, 2009. Iran Occupational Health. 2012;9(1):52-7.
  62. Bøggild H, Knutsson A. Shift work, risk factors and cardiovascular disease. Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health. 1999:85-99.
Health Management & Information Science
Volume 2, Issue 3 - Serial Number 3
11
Summer 2015
Pages 89-96